ISO 45001 is the international standard for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (OH&S MS).
Published by the International Organisation for Standardisation in 2018 — referred to as ISO 45001:2018 — it
replaced the previous OHSAS 18001 standard, with a transition deadline of September 2021. The transition is
now complete: OHSAS 18001 certificates are no longer valid, and ISO 45001 is the sole internationally
recognised OH&S management system standard.
The shift from OHSAS 18001 to ISO 45001 was not cosmetic. OHSAS 18001 focused primarily on hazard control
and compliance with OH&S regulations. ISO 45001 takes a broader, risk-based approach that embeds
occupational health and safety into the organisation's strategic management. It requires leadership
accountability, worker participation at all levels, and explicit consideration of the organisation's context
— including supply chain pressures, contractor relationships, and the expectations of interested parties
beyond regulators.
ISO 45001 follows the Annex SL High-Level Structure shared by ISO 9001 (Quality), ISO 14001 (Environmental),
and other major ISO management system standards. This structural alignment makes integration straightforward
— organisations holding or pursuing multiple certifications can operate a single integrated management system
rather than maintaining parallel documentation.
The standard is structured around seven interconnected clauses (Clauses 4–10) that define the requirements
for an effective OH&S management system:
Context of the organisation (Clause 4) — understanding the internal and external factors that
affect OH&S performance, including the needs and expectations of workers, regulators, clients, insurers,
and other interested parties.
Leadership and worker participation (Clause 5) — requiring top management to demonstrate
active commitment to OH&S, allocate resources, define roles and responsibilities, and ensure that workers
at all levels are consulted and participate in hazard identification and risk assessment.
Planning (Clause 6) — a systematic process for identifying hazards, assessing OH&S risks
and opportunities, establishing measurable objectives, and developing action plans to achieve them. This is
where the standard's risk-based approach is most visible.
Support (Clause 7) — ensuring the organisation provides competent personnel, adequate
training and awareness programmes, clear communication channels, and controlled documented information.
Operation (Clause 8) — implementing the controls, procedures, and processes needed to
eliminate hazards and reduce OH&S risks, including management of change, procurement, contractor
management, and emergency preparedness and response.
Performance evaluation (Clause 9) — monitoring, measuring, and analysing OH&S
performance through internal audits, compliance evaluations, and management reviews that assess whether the
system is achieving its intended outcomes.
Improvement (Clause 10) — managing incidents, nonconformities, and corrective actions to
identify root causes and prevent recurrence, driving continual improvement of the OH&S management system.
An ISO 45001 certificate is issued by an accredited, independent certification body after a two-stage audit.
The certificate is valid for three years, subject to annual surveillance audits.